Samoa: the heart of Polynesia
| Capital |
Apia |
| Time in Samoa |
GMT +13 |
| Language spoken |
Samoan and English |
| Population |
198,414 (Source: World Bank, 2022) |
| Religion |
Christianity (98%)
Other religions (2%) |
| Currency |
Tālā (WS$, WST) |
| Airports |
Faleolo International Airport
Maota Airport |
Embracing the azure waters of the South Pacific, Samoa stands as a beacon of Polynesian charm and age-old traditions. Comprised of two main islands, Upolu and Savai’i, this nation promises an immersion into a world where nature’s magnificence intertwines seamlessly with rich cultural heritage.
Archaeological evidence suggests that Samoa’s islands have been inhabited for over 3,000 years, providing it with a deeply rooted history. Historically a nexus for Pacific trade and exploration, Samoa has witnessed a confluence of cultures, each enriching its tapestry of traditions. European explorers, most notably the Dutch and the French, set foot on these shores, but it was the influence of the Germans and later the New Zealanders that has left a more lasting imprint until it gained its independence in 1962.
For tourists, Samoa offers more than just idyllic beaches and cerulean waters, although those are certainly a major draw. The islands brim with lush rainforests, cascading waterfalls, and volcanic landscapes that beckon adventure seekers. The Fa’a Samoa, or “The Samoan Way,” provides insights into a way of life where family, respect, and community hold paramount significance. Visitors can witness the grace of traditional dance, the rhythm of drumming, or partake in age-old ceremonies that honor the islands’ ancestors.
Diving enthusiasts are in for a treat, with the surrounding coral reefs teeming with marine life, while surfers can ride the waves that crash against the pristine shores. Samoa’s folklore, echoing tales of gods and warriors, adds an enchanting layer to its allure, beckoning travelers to delve deeper and explore the heart of Polynesia.
Where is Samoa located?
Samoa is located in the South Pacific Ocean, halfway between Hawaii and New Zealand, forming part of the Polynesian region of islands.
What is Samoa famous for?
Samoa is celebrated for its stunning natural beauty, from pristine beaches to lush rainforests, and its rich Polynesian culture, which includes traditional dance, music, and the revered Fa’a Samoa way of life.
History
Before 1000 AD – Early Inhabitants
The history of Samoa begins with the Lapita people, skilled navigators and fishermen who sailed the Pacific and settled the islands around 1000 BC. These early inhabitants left behind pottery fragments and other artifacts that provide clues about their culture and way of life. Over the centuries, they developed a distinct Samoan culture, complete with its own language, customs, and traditions.
1000-1700 AD – Chiefdoms and Social Structures
As the Samoan population grew and evolved, the islands became organized into chiefdoms, each with its own matai (chief) and communal lands. A rigid hierarchical structure emerged, rooted in respect for elders and ancestors. The Samoans developed a rich oral tradition, passing down stories, chants, and legends through generations. The traditional tattooing art of “tatau” also flourished during this period, signifying social status and maturity.
18th Century – European Contact
European contact began in the early 18th century with the arrival of Dutch explorers, followed by the French and British. The most significant European contact came in 1830 with the arrival of Christian missionaries, particularly from the London Missionary Society. Their teachings and values began to have a profound impact on the Samoan way of life, leading to the widespread adoption of Christianity in Samoa.
19th Century – Colonial Interests and the “Samoan Crisis”
The late 19th century saw increasing international interest in Samoa, particularly from the United States, Germany, and Britain. The harbor of Apia became a crucial coaling station for ships. This heightened interest led to political tensions and territorial claims, culminating in the “Samoan Crisis” of the 1880s. A civil war ensued, aggravated by the external powers’ involvement. It was eventually resolved in 1899 when the Tripartite Convention was signed, dividing the Samoan archipelago between Germany and the United States. Germany took control of Western Samoa, while the U.S. obtained what is now American Samoa.
20th Century – From German Rule to Independence
Under German rule, Western Samoa saw infrastructural development and administrative reforms. However, World War I disrupted this relatively peaceful period. New Zealand troops captured the islands in 1914, and Samoa became a Class C Mandate under New Zealand administration after the war. In the 1920s, a significant portion of the population was decimated by the influenza pandemic. As the 20th century progressed, a movement for Samoan independence gained momentum. This culminated in 1962 when Western Samoa became the first Pacific nation to gain independence. In 1997, it officially changed its name to the Independent State of Samoa.
21st Century – Modern Samoa
Modern-day Samoa has sought to balance tradition with modernity. The nation has faced challenges, including economic vulnerabilities and natural disasters, like the 2009 tsunami. Yet, Samoa has also seen progress in areas such as education, healthcare, and women’s rights. The country has actively participated in regional Pacific affairs and international forums, emphasizing its commitment to sustainability, climate change mitigation, and maintaining its rich cultural heritage in an ever-evolving world.
Visit Samoa
What to see and do in Samoa
Samoa offers a diverse range of attractions and activities for visitors to enjoy. Here are some of the top things to see and do in Samoa:
- Exploring the stunning waterfalls, such as To Sua Ocean Trench and Sopoaga Falls
- Relaxing on the beautiful beaches, including Lalomanu Beach and Aganoa Beach
- Snorkeling and diving in the crystal-clear waters to discover vibrant coral reefs and marine life
- Visiting the Piula Cave Pool, a natural freshwater spring perfect for swimming
- Exploring the colorful markets and villages to experience the local Samoan culture
- Hiking through lush rainforests and national parks, such as O Le Pupu-Pue National Park
- Learning about the traditional art of tattooing at the Samoan Cultural Village
Annual Events in Samoa
Samoa celebrates a variety of annual events and festivals that showcase the vibrant culture and traditions of the island. Some of the notable events include:
- The Teuila Festival (September) – A week-long cultural festival featuring traditional dance performances, music, and sporting events.
- White Sunday (October) – A special day dedicated to children, where they dress in white attire and attend church services.
- Independence Day (June 1st) – The celebration of Samoa’s independence with parades, cultural performances, and fireworks.
- Christmas and New Year – Festivities filled with feasts, singing, dancing, and the exchange of gifts.
These events are a great opportunity to immerse oneself in the vibrant Samoan culture and experience the warmth and hospitality of the local people.
Best time to visit Samoa
The best time to visit Samoa is during the dry season, which typically runs from May to October. This period offers pleasant weather with cooler temperatures and less rainfall, making it ideal for outdoor activities and beach relaxation.
It’s important to note that Samoa experiences a tropical climate, so even during the wet season (November to April), there are still plenty of sunny days. However, this period can bring occasional heavy rainfall and higher humidity levels. Nonetheless, it can also be a great time to visit for those looking to experience Samoa during a quieter tourist season.
Is Samoa worth visiting?
Absolutely, Samoa is worth visiting for its natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and warm hospitality. The islands offer stunning beaches, lush rainforests, and breathtaking waterfalls, providing ample opportunities for outdoor exploration and relaxation.
Furthermore, Samoan culture is deeply rooted in traditions and customs that have been passed down through generations. Visitors can immerse themselves in the local way of life, experiencing traditional dance, music, and cuisine. The Samoan people are known for their friendly and welcoming nature, making visitors feel at home.
While Samoa may not have the same level of modern infrastructure and amenities as some other tourist destinations, that is part of its charm. The slower pace of life and untouched natural beauty create a unique and authentic experience for travelers.
In conclusion, Samoa offers a blend of stunning landscapes, vibrant culture, and warm hospitality, making it a worthy destination for those seeking a unique and immersive travel experience.
Common questions
What are the best things to do in Samoa?
Samoa offers a plethora of exciting activities for visitors to enjoy. Here are some of the best things to do in Samoa:
- Explore the stunning natural beauty of the To Sua Ocean Trench, an enchanting swimming hole surrounded by lush greenery.
- Visit the Piula Cave Pool, a unique freshwater cave pool where you can swim and relax.
- Take a hike to the magnificent Togitogiga Waterfall, where you can cool off in the crystal clear pool beneath the cascading waterfall.
- Discover the vibrant marine life while snorkeling or diving at Palolo Deep Marine Reserve.
- Immerse yourself in Samoan culture by attending a traditional dance performance or participating in a traditional cooking class.
- Embark on a thrilling adventure by exploring the lava fields and rugged coastline on an ATV tour.
- Indulge in a rejuvenating spa experience, with many resorts offering relaxing massages and traditional wellness treatments.
- Experience the local cuisine by trying traditional Samoan dishes such as palusami (young taro leaves cooked in coconut cream) and oka (raw fish marinated in lemon juice and coconut cream).
- Go on a scenic drive along the coastline, stopping at picturesque beaches and viewpoints along the way.
- Visit the Robert Louis Stevenson Museum and explore the life and works of the famous author.
- Learn about Samoan history and culture at the Samoa Cultural Village in Apia.
- Relax on the pristine white sandy beaches, soaking up the sun and enjoying the tranquil atmosphere.
What are the best beaches in Samoa?
Samoa boasts incredible beaches with crystal clear waters and pristine white sand. Here are some of the best beaches to visit in Samoa:
- Lalomanu Beach: Considered one of the most beautiful beaches in Samoa, Lalomanu Beach features powdery white sand and turquoise waters.
- Afu Aau Falls: This secluded beach offers stunning views of the cascading waterfall that flows directly into the ocean.
- Vaiala Beach: Located near Apia, Vaiala Beach is a popular spot for swimming, surfing, and picnicking.
- Mulivai Beach: This hidden gem is known for its tranquil atmosphere, making it ideal for relaxation and sunbathing.
- Salua Manono Beach: Surrounded by lush vegetation, Salua Manono Beach is a peaceful and secluded spot perfect for swimming and snorkeling.
- Vaipua Beach: With its clear blue waters and soft sand, Vaipua Beach is a great place for swimming and sunbathing.
- Matareva Beach: Located on Savai’i Island, Matareva Beach offers incredible snorkeling opportunities with vibrant coral reefs.
- Saleapaga Beach: This picturesque beach is known for its calm waters, making it a popular choice for families.
- Coconut Point Beach: Named for its coconut palm-lined shores, Coconut Point Beach is a scenic spot for beachcombing and swimming.
- Salamumu Beach: This stunning beach is surrounded by lush green hills and is perfect for swimming and sunbathing.
- Papapapaitai Falls Beach: This beach offers breathtaking views of the nearby Papapapaitai Falls and is a great place for picnicking.
- Lano Beach: Located on Savai’i Island, Lano Beach is known for its pristine white sand and beautiful sunsets.
What is the currency of Samoa?
The currency of Samoa is the Samoan Tala (WST). It is recommended to exchange your currency for Samoan Tala upon arrival. Major credit cards are also accepted in hotels, restaurants, and some shops, but it’s always a good idea to carry some cash for smaller establishments and local markets. ATMs are available in major towns and tourist areas for cash withdrawals.
What is the weather like in Samoa?
Samoa enjoys a tropical climate throughout the year, with warm temperatures and high humidity. The average temperature ranges from 24°C (75°F) to 30°C (86°F) during the day, making it perfect for beach activities and outdoor exploration. The rainy season in Samoa runs from November to April, with occasional tropical showers and thunderstorms. The dry season, from May to October, offers more stable weather with plenty of sunshine and lower humidity levels. It’s always a good idea to check the weather forecast before your trip and pack accordingly.
What are some traditional Samoan dishes to try?
Samoan cuisine offers a variety of delicious dishes that showcase the vibrant flavors of the South Pacific. Here are some traditional Samoan dishes you should try:
- Palusami: Young taro leaves cooked in coconut cream and traditionally wrapped in banana leaves.
- Oka: Raw fish marinated in lemon juice and coconut cream, often served with onions, tomatoes, and cucumber.
- Sapasui: A popular Samoan-style chop suey made with noodles, meat (usually beef or chicken), and a flavorful assortment of vegetables.
- Fa’alifu Fa’i: Taro leaves cooked in coconut cream and flavored with onions, garlic, and coconut milk.
- Pani Popo: Sweet coconut buns baked in a sticky caramel sauce.
- Luau: A dish made from the leaves of the taro plant, cooked in coconut cream with meat, onions, and other vegetables.
- Sapa Sui Taro: Taro leaves cooked in coconut cream and served with roast pork or taro.
- Funafuti: A traditional Samoan pudding made with mashed bananas mixed with coconut cream and cornstarch, then baked.
- Palusami pisupo: Palusami with canned corned beef added for extra flavor and protein.
- Taro Tama: Taro leaves cooked in coconut cream and combined with eggs, onions, and meat.
- Samoan Chop Suey: A delicious combination of noodles, meat, and vegetables cooked in a flavorful sauce.
- Fa’ausi: A sweet coconut cream dessert made with taro and banana.
What is the language spoken in Samoa?
The official language of Samoa is Samoan. English is also widely spoken, especially in tourist areas, hotels, and restaurants. It’s always helpful to learn a few basic Samoan phrases and greetings to enhance your cultural experience and interact with the locals.
What is the best time to visit Samoa?
The best time to visit Samoa is during the dry season, which runs from May to October. This period offers more stable weather, with plenty of sunshine and lower humidity levels. The wet season, from November to April, brings occasional tropical showers and higher humidity. However, even during the wet season, there are still plenty of sunny days, and the tropical rainforests are lush and vibrant. It’s important to note that Samoa is a year-round destination, so there are activities and attractions available regardless of the season.
Where is Samoa located?
Samoa is located in the South Pacific Ocean, approximately halfway between Hawaii and New Zealand. It consists of two main islands, Upolu and Savai’i, and several smaller islands. The capital city, Apia, is located on the island of Upolu. Samoa is known for its stunning natural beauty, including pristine beaches, lush rainforests, and vibrant coral reefs.
Are there any travel restrictions in Samoa?
Yes, there are travel restrictions in place for Samoa. Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, entry requirements and restrictions may vary. It is essential to check the official government websites and consult with the relevant authorities for the latest travel information and guidelines before planning your trip to Samoa.
What is the traditional dance of Samoa?
The traditional dance of Samoa is called the Siva Samoa or Samoan Siva. It is a mesmerizing dance form that is an integral part of Samoan culture and is often performed on special occasions and celebrations. The Siva Samoa involves rhythmic movements, graceful hand gestures, and intricate footwork, accompanied by live music played on traditional Samoan drums and stringed instruments.
What is the traditional clothing in Samoa?
The traditional clothing of Samoa is called the “siapo” or “lava lava.” It is a rectangular piece of cloth made from pounded bark and decorated with intricate patterns. The siapo can be worn as a wraparound skirt by both men and women. Men often wear a shirt known as an “ie faitaga” along with the siapo, while women typically wear a dress called a “puletasi” made from brightly colored patterned fabric. Traditional Samoan clothing is still worn on special occasions and cultural events, showcasing the pride and heritage of the Samoan people.
What are the traditional crafts of Samoa?
Samoa has a rich tradition of craftsmanship, with many traditional crafts still being practiced today. Some of the traditional crafts of Samoa include:
- Tapa making: Tapa is a type of cloth made from the bark of the mulberry tree. It is decorated with intricate patterns and designs using natural dyes.
- Wood carving: Samoan wood carvers create beautifully carved items such as bowls, statues, and decorative pieces using traditional techniques and tools.
- Coconut shell carving: Coconut shells are intricately carved to create bowls, jewelry, and other decorative items.
- Mat weaving: Samoan mats, known as “ie toga,” are woven from pandanus leaves and are used for sleeping, sitting, and ceremonial purposes.
- Shell jewelry: Samoan artisans create stunning jewelry using shells, including necklaces, bracelets, and earrings.
- Tattooing: Samoa is renowned for its traditional tattoo art, known as “tatau.” Intricate tribal designs are hand-tapped into the skin using traditional tools.
- Ornamental fan making: Samoan fans, known as “tuvalu,” are intricately woven with pandanus leaves and used for ceremonial purposes or as decorative items.
What is the local music in Samoa?
The local music in Samoa is deeply rooted in the traditional culture of the Samoan people. Traditional Samoan music is characterized by soft melodies, harmonies, and an array of percussive instruments such as drums, slit drums, and wooden log drums. One of the most iconic musical instruments in Samoa is the “pate,” a shallow wooden drum played with sticks. Samoan music often accompanies traditional dances and ceremonies, showcasing the cultural heritage and traditions of the Samoan people.
What are some popular souvenirs to buy in Samoa?
When visiting Samoa, there are several popular souvenirs you can buy to commemorate your trip. Here are some ideas:
- Siapo (tapa cloth): Decorative tapa cloths make for unique and beautiful souvenirs.
- Hand-carved wooden items: Look for intricately carved bowls, statues, or decorative pieces made by local artisans.
- Coconut shell jewelry: Purchase handmade jewelry crafted from coconut shells, such as necklaces or bracelets.
- Sea shells: Look for beautifully polished shells found on the Samoan beaches to take home as a keepsake.
- Tropical fruits: Purchase local fruits, such as bananas, coconuts, or papayas, to enjoy during your stay in Samoa or take home as gifts.
- Traditional weaving: Look for baskets, mats, or fans woven from pandanus leaves, which are widely used in Samoan culture.
- Tattoo-inspired clothing: Find t-shirts, dresses, or sarongs featuring traditional Samoan tattoo designs.
- Local crafts: Support local artisans by purchasing handcrafted items like shell necklaces, woven baskets, or wood carvings.
- Samoa-made chocolate: Treat yourself or someone else to delicious locally made chocolate using Samoan cocoa beans.
- Handmade soaps and body products: Look for natural soaps, lotions, or oils made with local ingredients like coconut and noni.
- Artwork and paintings: Local artists create beautiful paintings and artwork inspired by Samoan culture and landscapes.
- Traditional musical instruments: Take home a piece of Samoan music by purchasing traditional musical instruments like drums or ukuleles.
