Northern Mariana Islands: a Pacific paradise awaiting discovery
| Capital |
Saipan |
| Time in Northern Mariana Islands |
GMT+10 |
| Language spoken |
English, Chamorro, and Carolinian |
| Population |
Approximately 56,200 (Source: United States Census Bureau, 2020) |
| Religion |
Roman Catholic (85%)
Other Christian denominations (10%)
Other religions (5%) |
| Currency |
United States dollar ($, USD) |
| Airports |
Saipan International Airport
Rota International Airport
Tinian International Airport |
The Northern Mariana Islands, an enchanting archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean, beckon travelers with its blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. These islands, which form a commonwealth in political union with the United States, are a tapestry of influences from Chamorro, Carolinian, and American heritages.
Historically, the archipelago has witnessed numerous colonizers, from Spanish explorers in the 16th century to the Germans, and later the Japanese in the 20th century. This confluence of cultures is evident in the islands’ architectural landmarks, languages, and traditions. Notably, relics from World War II, such as bunkers and sunken ships, offer a vivid glimpse into the islands’ strategic significance during the conflict.
However, it’s not just the history that attracts visitors. The Northern Mariana Islands are a haven for outdoor enthusiasts. Majestic limestone cliffs dropping into the azure ocean, pristine beaches that stretch for miles, and vibrant coral reefs teeming with marine life make it a paradise for divers, hikers, and sun-worshippers alike.
Furthermore, the island chain’s indigenous Chamorro and Carolinian festivals, with their spirited music, dance, and culinary delights, provide a captivating insight into the enduring spirit and resilience of the local communities, making it an unforgettable destination for culturally curious travelers.
Where is Northern Mariana Islands located?
The Northern Mariana Islands are located in the western Pacific Ocean, northeast of Guam, forming an arc-shaped archipelago.
What is Northern Mariana Islands famous for?
The Northern Mariana Islands are known for their rich history, World War II relics, breathtaking landscapes, and vibrant Chamorro and Carolinian cultures and festivals.
History
Ancient Times: The First Settlers
The earliest known inhabitants of the Northern Mariana Islands were the Chamorro people, who are believed to have settled the islands nearly 4,000 years ago. The ancient Chamorro society was well-adapted to the island environment, relying on fishing, agriculture, and seafaring. Numerous latte stone pillars, which were used as the foundation for their homes, remain scattered across the islands as a testament to their early presence.
1521: European Contact
The first European to arrive at the Northern Mariana Islands was none other than the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan in 1521, during his expedition sponsored by Spain. The initial encounters between the Chamorro people and the Europeans were marked by tension and skirmishes, primarily because of cultural misunderstandings and competing interests.
17th Century: Spanish Colonization
In the 17th century, Spain formally claimed the islands, with the Jesuit missionaries arriving to convert the indigenous Chamorro population to Christianity. The Spanish colonial period was marked by significant resistance from the Chamorro people, leading to rebellions and conflicts. Over time, the combined effects of warfare, disease, and cultural disruption led to a decline in the Chamorro population.
1899: German and Japanese Eras
Following the Spanish-American War, Spain sold the Northern Mariana Islands, except for Guam, to Germany in 1899. Under German rule, the islands experienced a brief period of economic development. However, after World War I, Japan took control of the islands under a League of Nations mandate. The Japanese era saw a significant influx of settlers, and the islands served as a strategic military and naval base, especially during World War II.
1944-1970s: American Control and Modernization
During the latter stages of World War II, in 1944, U.S. forces captured the Northern Mariana Islands from Japan. After the war, the islands became a United Nations Trust Territory administered by the United States. This period saw rapid modernization, with investments in infrastructure, education, and health services. By the 1970s, discussions began about the future political status of the islands.
1976-Present: Commonwealth Status
In 1976, the Northern Mariana Islands became a Commonwealth in political union with the United States, giving it a degree of self-governance. The islands have since continued to develop economically, primarily through tourism, while also maintaining strong cultural ties to their Chamorro and Carolinian heritage. Present-day Northern Mariana Islands is a blend of its indigenous traditions and influences from its varied colonial past.
Visit Northern Mariana Islands
What to see and do in Northern Mariana Islands
When visiting the Northern Mariana Islands, there are several attractions and activities to enjoy:
- Explore the stunning beaches and crystal-clear waters, perfect for swimming, snorkeling, and diving.
- Visit historical sites such as the Battle of Saipan sites, War in the Pacific National Historical Park, and the Last Command Post.
- Discover the unique Chamorro culture by visiting the House of Taga, a stone monolith protected by ancient legends.
- Take a hike to Mount Tapochao, the highest point in the Northern Mariana Islands, for breathtaking panoramic views.
- Indulge in the local cuisine, which blends traditional Chamorro flavors with influences from American, Japanese, and Filipino cuisines.
- Experience traditional canoe sailing, known as “Chamorro Sakman,” and learn about the islands’ seafaring heritage.
- Take part in the annual Flame Tree Arts Festival, showcasing local art, music, and dance.
Events in Northern Mariana Islands
The Northern Mariana Islands host various events throughout the year, allowing visitors to experience the islands’ vibrant culture and traditions. Some notable events include:
- Tinian Hot Pepper Festival (February) – A celebration of the spicy hot pepper, a popular ingredient in Chamorro cuisine. The festival features live music, cultural performances, and spicy food challenges.
- Managaha Festival (March) – A festival held on the beautiful Managaha Island, with activities such as beach sports, traditional games, and a fireworks display.
- Garapan Street Market (Every Thursday) – A weekly night market showcasing local food, crafts, and live entertainment in downtown Garapan.
- Galaide Day (October) – A day commemorating the ancient Chamorro navigators and seafaring traditions. The event includes canoe races, cultural demonstrations, and traditional dances.
- Marianas Beer & BBQ Festival (November) – A celebration of craft beer and barbecue, featuring live music, food vendors, and beer tastings.
Best time to visit Northern Mariana Islands
The best time to visit the Northern Mariana Islands is during the dry season, which typically runs from December to June. The weather is warm and sunny, with minimal rainfall. This period is ideal for enjoying outdoor activities, exploring the islands’ beaches, and participating in cultural events.
Is Northern Mariana Islands worth visiting?
The Northern Mariana Islands offer a unique and enriching travel experience. From the stunning natural landscapes to the rich Chamorro culture, there is plenty to explore and discover. However, it’s important to note that the islands are remote and may require extra effort to reach compared to more popular tourist destinations. Additionally, while the islands have developed a growing tourism industry, infrastructure and amenities may not be as extensive as in larger destinations. Nevertheless, those seeking a tranquil and off-the-beaten-path vacation will find the Northern Mariana Islands (USA) worth a visit.
Common questions
What are the popular attractions in the Northern Mariana Islands?
The Northern Mariana Islands offer a range of popular attractions that showcase its natural beauty and cultural heritage. Some of the must-visit attractions include:
- The stunning beaches of Banzai Cliff
- The historic World War II sites of Saipan
- The vibrant Garapan Street Market
- The breathtaking Mañagaha Island
- The impressive Grotto dive site
What are the best places for water activities in the Northern Mariana Islands?
If you enjoy water activities, you will have plenty of options in the Northern Mariana Islands. Some of the best places to indulge in water activities include:
- The crystal-clear waters of Managaha Island, which is perfect for snorkeling and swimming
- The Grotto dive site, which offers incredible underwater experiences
- The white sandy beaches of Micro Beach, where you can relax and sunbathe
- The beautiful lagoons of the Forbidden Island, ideal for kayaking and paddleboarding
What is the best time to visit the Northern Mariana Islands for beach activities?
The Northern Mariana Islands enjoy a tropical climate, making it suitable for beach activities throughout the year. However, the best time to visit for beach activities is during the dry season, which extends from November to April. During this time, you can expect warm temperatures, clear skies, and calm waters, perfect for swimming, snorkeling, and sunbathing. Keep in mind that the Northern Mariana Islands can experience typhoons during the wet season, so it’s best to plan your visit accordingly.
What are the local delicacies to try in the Northern Mariana Islands?
Exploring the local cuisine is a delightful part of visiting the Northern Mariana Islands. Here are some of the local delicacies you must try:
- Chamorro barbecue – a mouthwatering assortment of grilled meat marinated in a flavorful sauce
- Tinaktak – a traditional Chamorro dish made with ground beef, coconut milk, vegetables, and spices
- Chicken kelaguen – a refreshing dish made with grilled chicken, lemon juice, onions, and coconut flakes
- Boonie peppers -small green chili peppers native to the islands, often used to add a spicy kick to dishes
What cultural events take place in the Northern Mariana Islands?
The Northern Mariana Islands have a rich cultural heritage and offer various events throughout the year. Some of the cultural events to look out for include:
- Annual Flame Tree Arts Festival – a celebration of local arts, crafts, and music
- Managaha Festival – a cultural festival held on the stunning Managaha Island, featuring traditional dances, music, and food
- Cultural Night Market – a weekly market held in Garapan, showcasing local food, crafts, and performances
What are the best hiking trails in the Northern Mariana Islands?
If you enjoy hiking and exploring nature, the Northern Mariana Islands offer some incredible trails. Here are some of the best hiking trails you should try:
- The Marpi Point Trail – a scenic trail that leads up to the historic World War II sites of Banzai Cliff and Suicide Cliff
- The Bird Island Trail – a trail that takes you through lush vegetation to a picturesque lookout point with stunning ocean views
- The Jungle River Walk – a trail that follows a river and leads to a hidden waterfall, offering a refreshing experience
What is the local currency in the Northern Mariana Islands?
The official currency of the Northern Mariana Islands is the United States dollar (USD). Most businesses accept major credit cards, and ATMs are available in urban areas. It’s always a good idea to carry some cash for smaller purchases and in case you visit more remote areas where card acceptance may be limited.
What are the best shopping destinations in the Northern Mariana Islands?
When it comes to shopping, the Northern Mariana Islands offer a variety of options. Some of the best shopping destinations include:
- Garapan Street Market – a vibrant market where you can find local handicrafts, fresh produce, and souvenirs
- T Galleria Saipan – a high-end shopping complex with luxury brands, duty-free shopping, and a range of dining options
- DFS Galleria Saipan – another popular duty-free shopping destination offering a wide selection of products
What are the main languages spoken in the Northern Mariana Islands?
The main languages spoken in the Northern Mariana Islands are English and Chamorro. English is widely understood and spoken, especially in tourist areas, hotels, and restaurants. Chamorro, an indigenous language, holds cultural significance and is spoken by some locals. You will have no trouble communicating in English during your visit to the Northern Mariana Islands.
Are there any religious sites to visit in the Northern Mariana Islands?
The Northern Mariana Islands have religious sites that hold cultural and historical significance. Some notable religious sites to visit include:
- The San Antonio de Padua Catholic Church in Tinian, known for its beautiful architecture and religious artifacts
- The Lao Lao Bay Golf & Resort – Korean Catholic Church on Saipan, which offers stunning views and a peaceful environment
- The Latte Stone Park & Chamorro Village, where you can observe the traditional Chamorro latte stones and learn about the islands’ ancient beliefs
What is the transportation system like in the Northern Mariana Islands?
The Northern Mariana Islands have a relatively small transportation system, but it is reliable and convenient for getting around. Some common modes of transportation include:
- Taxis – Taxis are readily available in urban areas and can be hailed on the street or booked through phone apps
- Rental cars – Renting a car is a popular option for exploring the islands at your own pace. Several car rental agencies operate on the islands.
- Public transportation – Public buses serve the main areas of Saipan and Tinian, offering an affordable way to get around
- Tour buses – Guided tours and shuttle services are also available to transport visitors to popular attractions and tourist spots
What are some kid-friendly activities in the Northern Mariana Islands?
The Northern Mariana Islands offer several kid-friendly activities that will keep the little ones entertained. Some kid-friendly activities include:
- Visiting the Mariana Ocean Discovery Center, a hands-on marine science education center with interactive exhibits
- Enjoying a leisurely day at Micro Beach, a family-friendly beach with calm waters and picnic areas
- Exploring the American Memorial Park, which features exhibits on World War II and offers hiking trails and a playground for kids
- Joining a snorkeling tour to explore the vibrant marine life around the islands
