HelloMondo / Mauritania
Discover the beauty of Mauritania’s diverse landscapes, from the Sahara Desert to the Atlantic Coast. Experience rich cultural heritage and warm hospitality.
We suggest to plan a 4 days trip to Mauritania
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Mauritania, a captivating country in northwest Africa, is a land of vast desert landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and warm hospitality. With its unique blend of ancient traditions and modern attractions, this hidden gem offers a truly immersive experience for travelers seeking an off-the-beaten-path adventure. From exploring the ancient ruins of Chinguetti to riding camels across the mesmerizing dunes of the Sahara, Mauritania promises an unforgettable journey that will leave you yearning for more.
Prepare for your trip to Mauritania by packing lightweight clothing, sunscreen, and comfortable walking shoes to navigate the sandy terrain.
For an authentic taste of Mauritanian cuisine, don’t miss the opportunity to savor dishes like Thieboudienne, a flavorful rice and fish stew, or Lahme bil Ajeen, a traditional meat pie.
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| Capital | Nouakchott |
| Time in Mauritania | GMT |
| Language spoken | Arabic |
| Population | 4.53 million (source: World Bank, 2021) |
| Religion | Islam (99.9%) Other (0.1%) |
| Currency | Ouguiya (UM, MRO) |
| Airports | Nouakchott–Oumtounsy International Airport Nouadhibou International Airport |
Mauritania, a land steeped in rich history and diverse landscapes, remains one of the lesser-explored gems of West Africa. Its vast expanses tell tales of ancient civilizations, nomadic traditions, and a cultural tapestry woven over millennia. From the stretches of the Sahara desert with its golden dunes to the vibrant coastal towns along the Atlantic, Mauritania offers a unique blend of natural and cultural treasures.
The imprints of the ancient Berber, Moorish, and sub-Saharan African civilizations can still be felt in the country’s architecture, art, and daily life. The ancient towns of Chinguetti and Ouadane, both UNESCO World Heritage Sites, stand as silent witnesses to the prosperous trade routes that once crossed these lands. Their centuries-old libraries hold invaluable manuscripts preserving Islamic thought and knowledge of the medieval world.
For the discerning traveler, Mauritania offers an authentic experience, unmarred by mass tourism. The Banc d’Arguin National Park, a haven for migratory birds, showcases the country’s commitment to conservation. Meanwhile, the nomadic festivals provide a glimpse into the deep-rooted traditions and the indomitable spirit of the Mauritanian people.
Nestled in West Africa, Mauritania is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, Western Sahara to the north and northwest, Algeria to the northeast, Mali to the east and southeast, and Senegal to the southwest.
Mauritania is renowned for its breathtaking Sahara desert landscapes, historic towns like Chinguetti, and UNESCO sites that attest to its ancient trade significance. It’s also famed for the Banc d’Arguin National Park, an essential habitat for migratory birds.
The region now known as Mauritania has a rich history that dates back to prehistoric times, evidenced by ancient rock art in the Sahara desert region. By the first millennium BC, the region witnessed the emergence of Berber-speaking pastoralist communities. It also formed part of ancient trade routes connecting North Africa to sub-Saharan Africa, especially those trading gold, salt, and slaves.
During the Middle Ages, Mauritania became influenced by the powerful empires of Ghana and Mali, with trade and Islamic religion as major interactions. By the 11th century, Almoravid Berber dynasties, originating from present-day Mauritania, began expanding their influence, founding the Almoravid Empire, which spread across North-West Africa and into Spain. Over time, the region would witness several Berber and Arab-led dynasties, each playing a role in the spread of Islam and Arabic culture.
With the arrival of the Portuguese in the 15th century, Mauritania became a focal point for European explorers and traders. While the coastal areas experienced European contact, the interior remained relatively independent, governed by local Berber and Arab leaders. However, European powers, particularly France, began to show interest in the region in the 19th century, attracted by its strategic importance and potential economic resources.
By the late 19th century, Mauritania was brought under French colonial rule. It became part of French West Africa, and over time, the French established administrative and economic structures. Traditional nomadic lifestyles began to face challenges due to colonial policies. Despite resistance from various tribal and regional entities, French control persisted until the mid-20th century.
Mauritania achieved independence from France in 1960. The newly independent nation faced challenges of nation-building, balancing its Arab north and sub-Saharan south, economic development, and political stability. Over the years, Mauritania has experienced several coups, with military officers playing significant roles in its political landscape. The country has also grappled with issues of slavery, which, despite being abolished in 1981, remains a contentious issue. In recent decades, Mauritania has sought to strengthen its democratic institutions, improve its human rights record, and develop its rich mineral resources, particularly iron ore and gold.
Mauritania offers a unique blend of natural beauty and cultural heritage. Here are some of the top attractions and activities to experience in the country:
Mauritania hosts several cultural and religious events throughout the year. Some of the noteworthy events include:
The best time to visit Mauritania is during the winter months, from November to February, when the weather is milder and more comfortable for outdoor activities. The summer months can be extremely hot, with temperatures reaching over 40 degrees Celsius, making it challenging to explore the desert and other outdoor attractions. It is also important to note that Mauritania experiences a rainy season from July to September, which can impact travel plans and accessibility to certain areas.
Mauritania offers a unique and off-the-beaten-path travel experience for adventurous travelers. The country’s vast desert landscapes, ancient cities, and rich cultural heritage make it an intriguing destination for those seeking to explore a less-touristy part of Africa. However, it is important to consider the challenges that Mauritania faces, including political instability, poverty, and human rights issues. Travelers should educate themselves about the local customs and traditions, and take necessary precautions to ensure their safety and well-being. Overall, while Mauritania may not be for everyone, it can be a rewarding destination for those with a sense of adventure and an appreciation for unique cultural experiences.
If you prefer warmer weather, the months of March to May and September to October offer mild to hot temperatures, ranging from 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F). These months are ideal for outdoor activities like trekking, camel riding, and camping in the desert.
During the summer months from June to August, temperatures can soar above 40°C (104°F), making it extremely hot. This is a challenging time to visit, especially for outdoor activities, but it may be a good opportunity to experience the authentic desert environment if you can tolerate the heat.
Ultimately, the best time to visit Mauritania depends on your personal preferences, but it’s generally recommended to avoid the hot summer months if possible.
These are just a few examples of the traditional food in Mauritania. Exploring the local cuisine is an essential part of immersing yourself in the culture and flavors of the country, so be sure to try as many dishes as you can during your visit.
It’s always helpful to learn a few basic Arabic phrases or greetings when visiting Mauritania, but you’ll likely find that many people also speak French or English, particularly in urban areas and tourist establishments.
It’s important to note that the Mauritanian ouguiya is a closed currency, which means it can only be obtained within the country and cannot be exchanged or traded outside of Mauritania. It is advisable to exchange your currency to Mauritanian ouguiya upon arrival.
While some major hotels and tourist establishments may accept credit cards, cash is the most widely accepted payment method in Mauritania. It’s a good idea to carry smaller denomination notes for everyday expenses, as it can be challenging to find change for larger bills.
Foreign currencies such as the US dollar and the euro are sometimes accepted in larger cities, but it’s best to have Mauritanian ouguiya for most transactions. ATMs can be found in major cities, but availability may be limited, so it’s advisable to carry enough cash with you for your needs.
It’s important to note that road conditions in Mauritania can vary, especially outside of major cities. It’s advisable to have a good map, plenty of water, and be prepared for long drives with limited amenities along the way. It’s also recommended to travel with a reliable guide or driver, especially when venturing into desert areas.
It’s worth noting that the dress code may be more relaxed in tourist areas or international hotels, but it’s still respectful to adhere to the local customs and traditions. By dressing modestly, you will also blend in more easily with the local population and have a more authentic cultural experience during your visit.
By following these safety precautions and using common sense, you can have a safe and enjoyable trip in Mauritania.
If your appliances use a different type of plug, you will need a travel adapter to convert the plug to fit the Mauritanian sockets. It’s recommended to bring a universal travel adapter to ensure compatibility with different plug types.
It’s also worth noting that power outages and fluctuations can occur in some areas, particularly in rural or remote regions. Having a portable power bank or backup batteries for your electronic devices can be helpful to ensure you stay connected even during power interruptions.
Remember to check the voltage requirements of your electronic devices and chargers before plugging them into Mauritanian sockets to avoid damaging your appliances.
For some nationalities, a pre-arranged invitation or sponsor letter may be required to obtain a visa. It’s recommended to contact the Embassy of Mauritania or check with a reliable travel agency for the most up-to-date visa information.
It’s also essential to have proof of onward travel, such as a return ticket, and provide necessary information regarding your accommodation during your stay in Mauritania.
It’s advisable to check for any additional entry requirements, such as health or vaccination certificates, as well as travel advisories or updates before your trip to ensure a smooth and hassle-free entry into Mauritania.
You should adjust your watches and devices accordingly when traveling to Mauritania. The time difference may vary depending on your home country’s time zone and any daylight saving time changes in effect.
Maintaining an accurate understanding of the local time can help you plan your activities and manage your schedule effectively during your visit to Mauritania.
It’s important to note that Mauritania is one of the driest countries in the world, with limited rainfall throughout the year. Precipitation is highest in the southern regions, closer to the Senegal River and the border with Mali.
The desert regions of Mauritania experience significant temperature fluctuations between day and night, with cooler temperatures in the evenings. It’s advisable to pack lightweight, breathable clothing, sunglasses, a hat, and sunscreen to protect yourself from the intense desert sun.
Be prepared for the dry and hot conditions by staying hydrated and taking necessary precautions to avoid sunburn and heat-related illnesses. It’s also essential to plan outdoor activities during cooler times of the day and seek shaded areas when possible.
When dialing a Mauritanian phone number from abroad, you should dial your country’s international access code followed by Mauritania’s country code (+222) and then the local phone number.
It’s important to note that charges may apply when dialing an international number from your phone or landline, so it’s advisable to check with your service provider for rates and any applicable international calling plans or packages.
If you are making local calls within Mauritania, you can simply dial the local phone number without including the country code.