Malta: A Mediterranean Gem
| Capital |
Valletta |
| Time in Malta |
Central European Time (CET+1) |
| Language spoken |
Maltese, English |
| Population |
514,564 (source: World Bank) |
| Religion |
Roman Catholicism (96%)
Other (4%) |
| Currency |
Euro (€, EUR) |
| Airports |
Malta International Airport
Mosta Heliport |
Malta is a captivating Mediterranean destination with a rich history and stunning natural beauty. Known for its crystal-clear waters, ancient temples, and unique architectural gems, Malta offers a truly unforgettable experience for travelers.
Where is Malta located?
Located in the Mediterranean Sea, Malta is nestled between Sicily and the North African coast. This archipelago consists of three main islands: Malta, Gozo, and Comino. It is strategically positioned at the crossroads of Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.
What is Malta famous for?
Malta is famous for its ancient history and UNESCO World Heritage sites. The islands are home to Megalithic temples, some of which are older than the pyramids of Egypt. The medieval city of Mdina, also known as the “Silent City,” is a must-visit attraction. Malta is also renowned for its picturesque beaches, such as the Blue Lagoon in Comino and Golden Bay in Malta.
History
The history of Malta is a rich tapestry of civilizations and cultures that have left their mark on the island nation. Located in the central Mediterranean, Malta has a strategic position that has made it a target for various conquerors throughout the centuries.
Prehistoric Times
Malta’s history dates back to prehistoric times, with evidence of human habitation as early as 5200 BC. The earliest known inhabitants were the Neolithic people who built impressive megalithic temples, such as the temples of Ġgantija on the island of Gozo, which are among the oldest freestanding structures in the world.
Phoenician and Roman Period
In the 8th century BC, the Phoenicians, a seafaring civilization from the eastern Mediterranean, established trading posts on Malta. They were followed by the Romans, who conquered the islands in 218 BC. The Roman period saw the construction of several important structures, including the ancient city of Melite (now Mdina) and the famous Villa Romana del Casale in the town of Rabat.
Arab and Norman Rule
In 870 AD, Malta came under Arab rule after the Muslim conquest of Sicily. The Arab influence can still be seen in the language and architecture of the islands. In 1091, Malta fell under Norman rule as part of the Kingdom of Sicily. The Normans introduced feudalism and built palaces and castles, such as the Palazzo Falson and the Castello dei Conti in Birgu.
Knights of St. John and French Occupation
In 1530, Malta was granted to the Knights of St. John by Emperor Charles V of Spain. The Knights transformed Malta into a fortress island and built the city of Valletta, which is now a UNESCO World Heritage site. However, their rule was not without challenges. In 1798, Malta was occupied by Napoleon Bonaparte and became a French colony for a short period.
British Rule and Independence
In 1800, Malta became a British protectorate and remained under British rule for 164 years. The British constructed military fortifications and established a naval base, which played a crucial role during World War II. Malta gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1964 and became a republic in 1974.
Present Day
Today, Malta is a member of the European Union and has a thriving economy based on tourism, finance, and manufacturing. The island nation is known for its stunning coastline, historic sites, and vibrant cultural scene. It continues to attract visitors from around the world who come to explore its rich history and enjoy its picturesque landscapes.
Visit Malta
What to see and do in Malta
When visiting Malta, there are several attractions and activities that should not be missed:
- Explore the ancient megalithic temples, such as Ġgantija and Ħaġar Qim.
- Visit the fortified city of Valletta, with its impressive architecture and historic sites, including St. John’s Co-Cathedral and the Grandmaster’s Palace.
- Discover the medieval walled city of Mdina, also known as the “Silent City,” and take a walk along its narrow streets.
- Relax on the beautiful sandy beaches of Golden Bay and Mellieħa.
- Go diving or snorkeling in the crystal-clear waters of the Blue Grotto and the Azure Window.
- Take a boat tour to the picturesque island of Gozo and explore its charming villages, stunning cliffs, and the famous Azure Window (Note: The Azure Window collapsed in 2017, but the site remains a popular tourist attraction).
- Experience the vibrant nightlife in Paceville, with its numerous bars, clubs, and restaurants.
Events in Malta
Malta hosts various events and festivals throughout the year, offering visitors a chance to experience the vibrant culture of the island:
- The Malta International Fireworks Festival, held in April, showcases spectacular fireworks displays from local and international pyrotechnic teams.
- The Malta Arts Festival, held in July, features a diverse program of music, theater, dance, and visual arts performances.
- The Isle of MTV Malta Music Week, held in June, brings international music artists to the island for a series of free concerts and parties.
- The Valletta International Baroque Festival, held in January, celebrates Baroque music with performances in historic venues.
- The Malta Jazz Festival, held in July, attracts renowned jazz musicians from around the world for a series of concerts.
Best time to visit Malta
The best time to visit Malta is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to November) seasons. During these months, the weather is pleasant, with mild temperatures and less tourist crowds. It is also a great time to enjoy outdoor activities and explore the historical and cultural sites of Malta.
Is Malta worth visiting?
Without a doubt, Malta is worth visiting. This small island nation offers a unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. From its ancient temples and fortified cities to its stunning coastline and vibrant festivals, Malta has something for every visitor. The rich history and architectural wonders, such as Valletta and Mdina, will captivate history enthusiasts, while the crystal-clear waters and sandy beaches will delight beach lovers. Additionally, the warm and welcoming Maltese people make visitors feel right at home. Whether you are interested in history, culture, or simply enjoying the sun and sea, Malta is a destination that should not be missed.
Common questions
What are the top attractions in Malta?
Malta is a treasure trove of attractions. Some of the top highlights include the ancient fortification of Valletta, the stunning Blue Lagoon in Comino, the historic Mdina, the mesmerizing megalithic temples of Hagar Qim and Mnajdra, the picturesque fishing village of Marsaxlokk, the rugged cliffs of Dingli, and the charming island of Gozo.
What is there to do in Malta during the summer?
During the summer, Malta offers a wide range of activities and events. You can enjoy swimming and sunbathing at the beautiful beaches, explore the vibrant nightlife in Paceville, try water sports like snorkeling, scuba diving, and jet skiing, take boat trips to the Blue Grotto or Comino, visit the various open-air festivals and concerts, and indulge in delicious Maltese cuisine at the seaside restaurants.
What are the best beaches in Malta?
Malta is known for its stunning beaches. Some of the best beaches include Golden Bay and Għajn Tuffieħa in the northwest, Mellieħa Bay in the north, St. Peter’s Pool and Marsaxlokk in the southeast, and Ramla Bay and San Blas Bay in Gozo. Each beach has its own unique charm, offering crystal clear waters and picturesque surroundings.
What are the must-visit historical sites in Malta?
Malta is rich in history and has numerous must-visit historical sites. Some popular ones include the ancient city of Mdina, the UNESCO World Heritage site of Valletta, the prehistoric temples of Hagar Qim and Mnajdra, the medieval fortified city of Cittadella in Gozo, the St. John’s Co-Cathedral in Valletta, and the Hal Saflieni Hypogeum, an underground burial site dating back to 4000 BC.
What is the weather like in Malta?
Malta has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot summers and mild winters. In summer (June to August), temperatures can reach up to 35°C (95°F), with plenty of sunshine and little rainfall. Winters (December to February) are generally mild, with temperatures around 15-20°C (59-68°F). Spring and autumn offer pleasant weather with temperatures ranging from 20-25°C (68-77°F).
What are the best times to visit Malta?
The best times to visit Malta are during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to October) seasons when the weather is pleasant, and the tourist crowds are smaller compared to the peak summer months. This allows for a more relaxed and enjoyable experience while exploring the attractions and beaches. However, if you enjoy hot weather and bustling nightlife, the summer months might be more suitable.
What is the local cuisine in Malta?
Maltese cuisine is a delightful mix of Mediterranean flavors and influences. Some popular traditional dishes include rabbit stew (fenek), pastizzi (flaky pastries filled with ricotta or mushy peas), fish soup (aljotta), bragioli (beef olives), and ftira (traditional Maltese bread topped with various ingredients). Don’t forget to try the local wine, particularly the fruity and robust red wine made from the indigenous grapes.
Are there any festivals in Malta?
Malta hosts several vibrant festivals throughout the year. One of the most famous ones is the Malta International Fireworks Festival held in April, showcasing stunning fireworks displays. In February, the feasts of St. Paul’s Shipwreck and Carnival take place with colorful parades and traditional celebrations. Other notable festivals include the Malta International Jazz Festival, the Malta Arts Festival, and the Malta Mediterranean Literature Festival.
What are the best shopping areas in Malta?
Valletta and Sliema offer excellent shopping experiences in Malta. In Valletta, you’ll find a mix of high-end fashion brands, local boutiques, and artisan craft shops. Sliema boasts shopping malls like The Point and Plaza Shopping Center, offering a wide range of international brands, clothing, and accessories. Other popular spots include Tigne Point, Bay Street Complex in St. Julian’s, and the Sunday market in Marsaxlokk.
What are the best walking trails in Malta?
Malta offers various scenic walking trails for nature lovers. The Buskett Gardens and Dingli Cliffs offer breathtaking views of the countryside and the sea. The coastal trail from Sliema to St. Julian’s is a popular choice, passing by picturesque bays and promenades. In Gozo, the Victoria Citadel Circuit allows you to explore the historic fortified city of Victoria, while the Azure Window and Ramla Bay trails showcase the island’s natural beauty.
Are there any day trips from Malta?
Yes, there are several day trips you can take from Malta. You can visit the neighboring island of Gozo, known for its stunning landscapes and charming villages. Another popular day trip is to the Blue Grotto and the island of Comino, which offers the famous Blue Lagoon. You can also explore the ancient temples of Hagar Qim and Mnajdra, or take a boat trip to the tiny island of Filfla.
What are the best scuba diving sites in Malta?
Malta is a paradise for scuba diving enthusiasts. Some of the best diving sites include the Blue Hole and the Inland Sea in Gozo, Santa Maria Caves and HMS Maori in Cirkewwa, Um El Faroud wreck in Zurrieq, and the Caves and Double Arch in Comino. These sites offer crystal clear waters, fascinating underwater caves, vibrant marine life, and opportunities for both beginners and experienced divers.
