HelloMondo / Kazakhstan
Discover the stunning landscapes and rich cultural history of Kazakhstan, a hidden gem in Central Asia. Plan your visit today!
We suggest to plan a 4 days trip to Kazakhstan
Aww! We're missing a photo here..
Kazakhstan, a gem in Central Asia, beautifully marries the old with the new. Its landscapes, ranging from vast steppes to rugged mountains, tell tales of ancient nomadic tribes, while its cities, especially Almaty and Nur-Sultan, gleam with modernity. Visitors are often enthralled by its rich history evident in the remnants of the Silk Road, its diverse culture influenced by both East and West, and its warm hospitality, making Kazakhstan an intriguing and inviting destination for travelers from around the globe.
Consider timing your visit with the Nauryz festival in March, a celebration of spring’s arrival and cultural heritage.
For an immersive experience, stay in a traditional Kazakh yurt in the countryside, allowing you a glimpse into nomadic life.
Compare best tickets and activities offered by:
| Capital | Nur-Sultan |
| Time in Kazakhstan | GMT+6 |
| Language spoken | Kazakh |
| Population | 18.5 million (Source: World Bank 2022) |
| Religion |
Islam (70%) Christianity (26%) Other religions (4%) |
| Currency | Tenge (₸, KZT) |
| Airports |
Nursultan Nazarbayev International Airport Almaty International Airport Aktau International Airport Shymkent International Airport |
Kazakhstan, the world’s largest landlocked country, stretches across Central Asia, encapsulating a vast expanse of terrains, from high mountains and deserts to steppes. As the ninth-largest nation by land area, its diverse geography has played a pivotal role in shaping its history. This region, once traversed by the ancient Silk Road, witnessed the comings and goings of traders, conquerors, and explorers, each leaving their mark. Over time, nomadic tribes, Mongol hordes, and powerful khanates have all called this land home. Its rich tapestry of cultures, religions, and traditions is a testament to its historical significance as a crossroads of civilizations. Modern Kazakhstan stands as a bridge between its storied past and a future full of potential, reflecting both its Central Asian roots and contemporary aspirations.
Kazakhstan is situated in Central Asia, bordered by Russia to the north, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan to the south, and the Caspian Sea to the west.
Kazakhstan is renowned for its diverse landscapes, rich nomadic heritage, and its significant role in the ancient Silk Road trade route. Additionally, the country boasts historical sites and modern cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan.
Kazakhstan, one of the largest countries in the world, has a rich tapestry of history that spans thousands of years. Initially, the vast steppes of Kazakhstan were home to various nomadic tribes. Around 500 BC, the region witnessed the rise of the Massagetae and the Scythians, two powerful nomadic groups known for their horseback riding and warfare skills. These tribes were prominently mentioned by ancient historians like Herodotus.
As the centuries passed, the Turkic peoples began to dominate the Kazakh steppes, marking the onset of the Turkic era. These tribes would later play a significant role in shaping the cultural and ethnic makeup of Kazakhstan. The Göktürks and the Khazars are two of the prominent Turkic groups from this era, with the Göktürks establishing the first known Turkic state in the region.
In the early 13th century, Kazakhstan faced a monumental change with the invasion of the Mongol Empire led by Genghis Khan. The Mongols conquered vast territories, and their rule left an indelible mark on Kazakhstan, introducing new administrative systems, trade routes, and cultural exchanges. While the Mongol rule was fierce, it also allowed for a fusion of cultures and led to the eventual formation of the Mongol Golden Horde in the western part of the country.
Following the disintegration of the Mongol Golden Horde in the 15th century, the region witnessed the rise of the Kazakh Khanate. This was an important era as it marked the formation of the Kazakh identity. The Khanate was divided into three Jüz or hordes: Great, Middle, and Little. Over time, these Jüzs had varying degrees of autonomy and faced both internal strife and external threats, especially from the expanding Russian Empire to the north.
By the mid-19th century, much of Kazakhstan was annexed by the Russian Empire. This period saw significant changes in the socioeconomic fabric of the country. While the Russian rule introduced modern farming techniques, infrastructure, and education, it also came with attempts to suppress local culture and traditions. The Kazakh way of life, deeply rooted in nomadism, was significantly altered, with many Kazakhs being forced to settle.
Following the Russian Revolution in 1917, Kazakhstan became a part of the Soviet Union. Under Soviet rule, Kazakhstan underwent industrialization and collectivization. While the country benefited from the construction of infrastructure and the establishment of industries, there were also dark chapters like the famine of the 1930s that took a heavy toll on the population. The Soviet era also saw significant migrations, with many ethnic Russians and Ukrainians moving to Kazakhstan. Despite the challenges, this period solidified Kazakhstan’s identity as a modern nation.
In the wake of the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Kazakhstan declared its independence on December 16, 1991. Under the leadership of its first president, Nursultan Nazarbayev, the country embarked on a journey of economic reforms, leveraging its vast mineral and oil reserves. Modern Kazakhstan has made strides in global diplomacy, economic development, and has embraced both its nomadic roots and its vision for a futuristic society. The capital, Astana (now renamed Nur-Sultan in honor of Nazarbayev), exemplifies this with its blend of futuristic architecture and nods to Kazakh history.
Kazakhstan offers a diverse range of attractions for visitors to explore. Here are some of the top things to see and do:
Kazakhstan hosts a variety of events throughout the year, showcasing its cultural heritage and modern developments. The following are some of the notable events:
The best time to visit Kazakhstan is during the spring (April to June) and autumn (September to October) seasons when the weather is mild and the landscapes are at their most beautiful. Summer (June to August) can be hot in certain regions, but it is a great time to explore the mountainous areas. Winter (November to March) can be extremely cold, but it offers unique opportunities for winter sports enthusiasts.
Yes, Kazakhstan is definitely worth visiting. It offers a unique blend of natural beauty, rich history, and vibrant culture. From its breathtaking landscapes to its modern cities, Kazakhstan has something to offer every kind of traveler. The country’s nomadic heritage, combined with its growing cosmopolitan atmosphere, provides a fascinating contrast that sets it apart from other destinations.
While there may be other destinations to consider, Kazakhstan offers a truly authentic and off-the-beaten-path experience that is sure to leave a lasting impression.
However, do keep in mind that specific regions in Kazakhstan may have different climate patterns, so it’s important to research and plan accordingly.
These are just a few examples of the diverse and delicious Kazakh cuisine. Don’t forget to try the traditional drinks like kumis (fermented mare’s milk) and shubat (camel’s milk).
These activities allow you to appreciate the natural beauty and serenity of Kazakhstan.
These are just a few examples of the exciting festivals and events that take place throughout the year in Kazakhstan.
Each city offers a unique experience and a glimpse into the rich culture and history of Kazakhstan.
Exploring the traditional crafts of Kazakhstan offers a fascinating glimpse into the country’s cultural heritage and artistic traditions.
These national parks offer opportunities for hiking, camping, wildlife spotting, and immersing yourself in Kazakhstan’s natural beauty.
These historical sites offer a glimpse into Kazakhstan’s fascinating past and its significance along the ancient Silk Road.
These music and dance forms are an integral part of Kazakh culture and are often performed at festivals and cultural events.
It’s important to note that the visa requirements and application process may vary based on your nationality and the purpose of your visit. It is recommended to consult the official embassy or consulate of Kazakhstan for the most up-to-date and accurate information.